Environmental biotechnology has a long and illustrious history at the same time. Microbiological treatment procedures such as activated sludge or anaerobic digestion, which were established at the start of the twentieth century, are still mainstays today. At the same time, new technologies are continually being launched to solve extremely current concerns, such as the detoxification of harmful substances and the recovery of precious resources. This is a continuing trend that is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. In the field of environmental biotechnology, significant instruments that are used to analyses and regulate processes span many decades as well. Traditional methods of measuring biomass, including such volatile suspended solids, for instance, have not become obsolete despite the fact that techniques derived from molecular biology now make it possible for us to investigate the variety of microbial communities. In this book the use of contemporary biotechnology methods to the monitoring and study of the environment are discussed. Includes the exploitation of the well-known superbug Pseudomonas putida as one of the techniques and procedures that are outlined in this for the utilization of microorganisms in the addressing of environmental issues. Book also Describes the methods involved in the manufacture of biofuels as well as their benefits.